Analisis Potensi dan Risiko Investasi Cryptocurrency di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2020.19.2.2Keywords:
bitcoin, mata uang virtual, rupiah, investor, pasar modalAbstract
Abstrak. Mata uang crypto atau mata uang virtual merupakan salah satu bentuk investasi yang berkembang sejak 2010. Dewasa ini, terdapat lebih dari 2.000 jenis mata uang crypto di seluruh dunia. Riset-riset mata uang crypto di Indonesia masih terfokus pada status kehalalan dan status hukum dari investasi mata uang crypto. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan imbal hasil dan risiko investasi mata uang crypto. Analisis secara deskriptif dengan penghitungan ukuran risiko serta penggunaan model heteroskedastik GARCH (1,1) dilakukan pada data return 15 mata uang crypto yang memiliki nilai terbesar. Diperoleh informasi bahwa investasi sebagian besar mata uang crypto menghasilkan keuntungan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan investasi pada mata uang asing maupun pasar saham. Di sisi lain, mata uang Crypto memiliki risiko kerugian yang lebih tinggi dan sifat volatility clustering atau heteroskedastisitas. Riset lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengungkap sifat-sifat return mata uang Crypto dan performanya dalam bentuk portfolio.
Kata kunci: Bitcoin, mata uang virtual, rupiah, investor, pasar modal.
Abstract. Cryptocurrency or virtual currency is a kind of investment that is common since 2010. Nowadays, there are more than 2.000 cryptocurrencies around the world. Research about cryptocurrency in Indonesia still focused on the legal or religious status of its investment. This descriptive-quantitative research aim is to describe the return and the risk of cryptocurrency investment. Therefore, we use the descriptive analysis and the GARCH (1,1) model to the return data of 15 cryptocurrencies with the largest market value. Most of these cryptocurrencies can yield a higher return when compared with the return of the foreign exchange and stock market return. Despite this benefit, they exhibit higher risks and volatility clustering or heteroscedasticity. Further research should be done to reveal more properties of their return and performance in portfolio.
Keywords: Bitcoin, virtual currency, rupiah, investor, stock market.
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