Sensitivity Analysis of Average Inventory Level (AIL) at a Specialized Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2018.17.3.7Keywords:
economic order quantity, sensitivity analysis, hospital inventory managementAbstract
Abstract. Hospital inventory management play a very significant role in hospital's performance. Too much inventory wiil lead to excessive inventory cost but too low inventory might result in dissatisfactions of patiens and lack of performance of physicians or doctors. Economic order Quantity (EOQ) is an inventory control method that can help hospital to minimize total inventort cost. However, managers might find difficulties in deterimining the right amount of ordering and holding cost which are needed in calculating EOQ. This research is a case study from a class “A†specialized hospital. Inventory data of pharmaceutical items are calculated to measure the sensitivity of changes in ordering and holding cost to average inventory level which will lead to understock or overstock. Different ordering cost and holding cost will lead to different proportion of overstock and understock but will not give a significant differences. This research recommend EOQ model to be used in hospital inventory management inspite of the difficulty and hesitation of hospitals to estimate ordering and holding cost.
Keywords: Economic order quantity, sensitivity analysis, hospital inventory management, overstock, healthcare inventory management, holding cost, ordering cost, fixed order quantity
Abstrak. Manajemen persediaan rumah sakit memainkan peran yang sangat penting dalam kinerja rumah sakit. Terlalu banyak persediaan akan menyebabkan biaya persediaan meningkat, namun persediaan yang terlalu rendah juga bisa mengakibatkan ketidakpuasan pasien serta rendahnya kinerja pelayanan dokter kepada pasien. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) adalah metode pengendalian persediaan yang dapat membantu rumah sakit untuk meminimalkan biaya persediaan total. Umumnya manajer menemukan kesulitan dalam menentukan biaya pemesanan dan biaya penyimpanan yang dibutuhkan dalam menghitung EOQ. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dari rumah sakit khusus kelas A. Data inventaris barang farmasi dihitung untuk mengukur sensitivitas perubahan dalam pemesanan dan biaya penyimpanan terhadap tingkat persediaan rata-rata yang akan menyebabkan kondisi understock atau overstock. Biaya pemesanan dan biaya penyimpanan yang berbeda akan menghasilkan proporsi overstock dan understock yang berbeda namun tidak akan berbeda secara signifikan. Penelitian ini menyarankan penggunaan model EOQ untuk digunakan dalam manajemen persediaan rumah sakit walaupun terdapat kesulitan dan keenggaran dari rumah sakit untuk mengestimasi biaya pemesanan dan penyimpanan.
Kata kunci: Economic order quantity, analisis sensitivitas, manajemen inventori rumah sakit, overstock, manajemen persediaan di bidang kesehatan, biaya pemesanan, biaya penyimpanan, fixed order quant
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