Pengaruh Komitmen Tenaga Kerja Lepas terhadap Motivasinya dalam Perusahaan Keluarga di Sektor Informal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2016.15.2.3Keywords:
Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Informal Family CompanyAbstract
Abstrak. Berdasarkan data tahun 2012 yang diperoleh dari Dinas Koperasi & UKM Tangerang Selatan, dari dua belas ribuan pelaku UMKM, mayoritas status kepemilikannya adalah perusahaan keluarga di sektor informal. Pada umumnya, keterbatasan modal dan pesanan membuat perusahaan ini mengandalkan kekuatan komitmen karyawan untuk bertahan. Dalam kajian penelitian terdahulu, hubungan antara komitmen organisasional dan motivasi karyawan selalu menjadi dasar pemikiran dari formulasi strategi fungsional dalam menjalankan misi perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formulasi yang tepat guna pembentukan strategi fungsional dalam perusahaan di sektor informal. Penelitian terkait komitmen tenaga kerja lepas terhadap motivasinya dalam perusahaan keluarga di sektor informal baru pertama kali ini dilakukan dengan harapan kunci pertahanan dan keberlangsungan pola manajemen UMKM Indonesia dapat teridentifikasi. Pengolahan data menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) yang diolah dengan Lisrel 8.7. Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu pekerja lepas di tiga perusahaan keluarga sektor informal di Tangerang Selatan di bidang kayu lapis, konveksi dan kuliner. Hasil penelitian menunjukan komitmen afektif adalah dimensi yang terpenting dalam mempertahankan keberlangsungan hubungan tenaga kerja dan perusahaan keluarga; artinya, keterikatan emosional organisasi dan karyawan harus sejalan dan erat hubungannya. Kedepannya, kajian yang terkait transformasi perusahaan keluarga dari sektor informal ke sektor formal dapat menggunakan studi ini sebagai titik awal referensi.
Kata kunci:  komitmen organisasional, motivasi karyawan, perusahaan keluarga sektor informal, tenaga kerja lepas, manajemen stratejik fungsional
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Abstract. The office of Cooperative and SME Tangerang Selatan estimated in 2012 around twelve thousands SME in the area are mostly family owned business operating in informal sector. Constrained by capital and orders, many rely on their strong organizational commitment to survive. Previous researches have also shown that the strong relationship between organizational commitment and employees’ motivation is the key to uphold the fort. Family owned company in the informal sector and non-contractual workers are the least researched in the Indonesian Managment literatures; hence, bring it up the two objects together to the surface should enlight some indicative keys to their management survivability and continuity. Respondents were non-contractual worker in the three informal sectors in Plywood, Garment and Culliner in Tangerang Selatan. The data was then processed with Structural Equation Model (SEM) and run with Lisrel 8.7. The finding indicates that the affective commitment is the essential dimension for the family owned company to have survived theroughut these years. Hence, future research has an opportunity to focus on a unanimousity in behavior and culture between the family owned company and her non-contractual workers should the business evolves into existence in the formal sector.
Keyword: organizational commitment, employee motivation, informal sector’ family owned company, non contractual worker, functional strategic management
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