Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract. The researcher found a problem in designing an instruction often ignore the message design because it is focused on syntax and learning systems, including the design of innovative learning such as e-learning, online learning, blended learning and mobile learning. Based on these problems, the researcher develops a model of design message in blended learning. The goal is to help the educators to facilitate learners to interpret and construct teaching materials. The development used ADDIE models. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and tests in order to produce a model of message design. The validity of this products was tested by expert and the practicality and effectivity testing by the user in the course of Theory of Learning and instruction. The result of this development consists of (1) the book of model design messages in blended learning, and (2) the learning tool that consists of teaching materials, media presentations, e-learning, syllabus, SAP that is valid, practical and effective. The Book model can be used by designers of instruction, learning consultant, and lecturer/educator in helping learners to interpret and construct learning message so that they have an ability to generalize the learning and become independent learners.
Keyword: Â Blended learning, online learning, message design, learning theory, ADDIE model
Keywords
blended learning
message design
learning theory
Article Details
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Copyright @2017. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium
How to Cite
Rahmi, U., Effendi, Z. M., Ansyar, M., & Jasrial, J. (2017). The Development of Message-Design Model in Blended Learning. The Asian Journal of Technology Management (AJTM), 10(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.12695/ajtm.2017.10.1.1
References
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Bentri, A., Zen, Z., & Rahmi, U. (2014). Formulasi strategi penerapan blended learning dalam implementasi kurikulum di jurusan kurikulum dan teknologi pendidikan fakultas ilmu pendidikan universitas negeri padang. Penelitian Pendidikan, 5(1), 22-30.
Bentri, A., & Rahmi, U. (2015). Students absorption of materials through using blended learning in the implementation of curriculum. International Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities, 5(10).
Bersin, J. (2004). The blended learning book; best practices, proven methodologies and lessons learned. United Stated: John Wiley & Sona, Inc.
Bishop, M. J. (2014). Instructional message design: past, present and future relevance. In Spector, J. Michael., Merril, M. David., Elen, Jan., and Bishop, M. J. 2014. Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (Edt4). New York: Springer Science+Business Media
Bishop, M. J. (2014). Reconceptualizing instructional message design: toward the development of a new guiding framework. In Spector, J Michael; Bishop, M. J. and Ifenthaler, Dirk. Educational Communications and Technology: Issues and Innovations. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Brady, L & Kennedy. (2007). Curriculum constructions. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson, Prentice Hall
Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional design: the ADDIE approach. New York: Springer Scienceþ Business Media, LLC
Cavanagh, T. (2011). The blended learning toolkit: improving student performance and retention. http://er.educause.edu/articles/2011/12/ the-blended-learning-toolkit-improving-student-performance-and-retention. Accessed Juni, 1st 2016
Cristensen, C. M., Horn Michael B., & Johnson Curtis W. (2011). Disrupting class how disruptive innovation will change the way the world learns. McGraw-Hill eBooks
Fleming, M., & Levie, W. H. (1978). Instructional message design; principles from the behavioral and cognitive sciences. New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.
Fleming, M., & Levie, W. H. (1993). Instructional message design; principles from the behavioral and cognitive sciences (Ed2). New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.
Graham, C.R. (2005). The Handbook of blended learning. Bloomington: Indiana University
Kurniawati, R. (2014). Pengembangan model pembelajaran blended learning pada mata pelajaran keterampilan komputer dan pengelolaan informasi (KKPI) kelas XI di SMK Negeri 2 Purwodadi. Unpublished thesis. Semarang: Curriculum and Educational Technology UNNES.
Martinez-Caro, E., & Campuzano-Bolarin, F. (2011). Factors affecting students’ satisfaction in engineering disciplines: traditional vs. blended approaches. European Journal of Enggeenering Education, 36(5), 473-483
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. (2009). Models of teaching (8th). United Stated of America: Person Education, Inc.
Nieveen, N. (1999). Prototyping to reach product quality. In Akker, Jan van den; Branch, Robert Maribe; Gustafson, Kent; Nieveen, Nienke dan Plomp, Tjeerd. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher
Morrison, G.R., Ross, S.M., & Kemp, J.E. (2004). Designing effevtive instruction. 4th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Orntein, A.C. & Hunkins, F.P. 2013. Curriculum: principles, foundations and issues. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall
Owston, R., York, D., & Murtha, S. (2013). Student perceptions and achievement in a university blended learning strategy initiative. The Internet and Higher Education (online), Volume 18, July 2013, (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1096751612000863, accessed Maret, 30th 2016
Patchana, M.M., Schunnb, C.D.; Siege, W.S., & McLaughlinc, D. (2015). The Effect of blended instruction on accelerated learning http:// www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1475939X.2015.1013977. Accessed Mei, 20th 2016.
Rahmi, U. (2013). Pengembangan model blended learning pada mata kuliah desain pembelajaran berbasis komputer di program studi teknologi pendidikan UNP. [Thesis]. Program of Pascasarjana Padang State University
Slavin, R.E. (1994). Educational psychology; theory and practice (Ed4). Massathusetts: Allyn and Bacon
Slavin, R.E. (2006). Educational psychology; theory and practice (ed8). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc
Smaldino, S. E., Lowther, D. L., & Russel, J.D. (2012). Instructional technology and media for learning tenth edition. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
Tuncer, M., & Bahadır, F. (2014). Effect of screen reading and reading from printed out material on student success and permanency in introduction to computer lesson. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 13(3), 41-49
Wang, M., & Shen, R. (2012). Message design for mobile learning: learning theories, human cognition and design principles. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(4), 561–575
Watson. J. (2008). Blended learning: the convergence of online and face-to-face education. Viena: NACOL: Promising Pravtices in Online Learning.
References
Bentri, A., Zen, Z., & Rahmi, U. (2014). Formulasi strategi penerapan blended learning dalam implementasi kurikulum di jurusan kurikulum dan teknologi pendidikan fakultas ilmu pendidikan universitas negeri padang. Penelitian Pendidikan, 5(1), 22-30.
Bentri, A., & Rahmi, U. (2015). Students absorption of materials through using blended learning in the implementation of curriculum. International Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities, 5(10).
Bersin, J. (2004). The blended learning book; best practices, proven methodologies and lessons learned. United Stated: John Wiley & Sona, Inc.
Bishop, M. J. (2014). Instructional message design: past, present and future relevance. In Spector, J. Michael., Merril, M. David., Elen, Jan., and Bishop, M. J. 2014. Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (Edt4). New York: Springer Science+Business Media
Bishop, M. J. (2014). Reconceptualizing instructional message design: toward the development of a new guiding framework. In Spector, J Michael; Bishop, M. J. and Ifenthaler, Dirk. Educational Communications and Technology: Issues and Innovations. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Brady, L & Kennedy. (2007). Curriculum constructions. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson, Prentice Hall
Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional design: the ADDIE approach. New York: Springer Scienceþ Business Media, LLC
Cavanagh, T. (2011). The blended learning toolkit: improving student performance and retention. http://er.educause.edu/articles/2011/12/ the-blended-learning-toolkit-improving-student-performance-and-retention. Accessed Juni, 1st 2016
Cristensen, C. M., Horn Michael B., & Johnson Curtis W. (2011). Disrupting class how disruptive innovation will change the way the world learns. McGraw-Hill eBooks
Fleming, M., & Levie, W. H. (1978). Instructional message design; principles from the behavioral and cognitive sciences. New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.
Fleming, M., & Levie, W. H. (1993). Instructional message design; principles from the behavioral and cognitive sciences (Ed2). New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.
Graham, C.R. (2005). The Handbook of blended learning. Bloomington: Indiana University
Kurniawati, R. (2014). Pengembangan model pembelajaran blended learning pada mata pelajaran keterampilan komputer dan pengelolaan informasi (KKPI) kelas XI di SMK Negeri 2 Purwodadi. Unpublished thesis. Semarang: Curriculum and Educational Technology UNNES.
Martinez-Caro, E., & Campuzano-Bolarin, F. (2011). Factors affecting students’ satisfaction in engineering disciplines: traditional vs. blended approaches. European Journal of Enggeenering Education, 36(5), 473-483
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. (2009). Models of teaching (8th). United Stated of America: Person Education, Inc.
Nieveen, N. (1999). Prototyping to reach product quality. In Akker, Jan van den; Branch, Robert Maribe; Gustafson, Kent; Nieveen, Nienke dan Plomp, Tjeerd. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher
Morrison, G.R., Ross, S.M., & Kemp, J.E. (2004). Designing effevtive instruction. 4th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Orntein, A.C. & Hunkins, F.P. 2013. Curriculum: principles, foundations and issues. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall
Owston, R., York, D., & Murtha, S. (2013). Student perceptions and achievement in a university blended learning strategy initiative. The Internet and Higher Education (online), Volume 18, July 2013, (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1096751612000863, accessed Maret, 30th 2016
Patchana, M.M., Schunnb, C.D.; Siege, W.S., & McLaughlinc, D. (2015). The Effect of blended instruction on accelerated learning http:// www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1475939X.2015.1013977. Accessed Mei, 20th 2016.
Rahmi, U. (2013). Pengembangan model blended learning pada mata kuliah desain pembelajaran berbasis komputer di program studi teknologi pendidikan UNP. [Thesis]. Program of Pascasarjana Padang State University
Slavin, R.E. (1994). Educational psychology; theory and practice (Ed4). Massathusetts: Allyn and Bacon
Slavin, R.E. (2006). Educational psychology; theory and practice (ed8). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc
Smaldino, S. E., Lowther, D. L., & Russel, J.D. (2012). Instructional technology and media for learning tenth edition. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
Tuncer, M., & Bahadır, F. (2014). Effect of screen reading and reading from printed out material on student success and permanency in introduction to computer lesson. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 13(3), 41-49
Wang, M., & Shen, R. (2012). Message design for mobile learning: learning theories, human cognition and design principles. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(4), 561–575
Watson. J. (2008). Blended learning: the convergence of online and face-to-face education. Viena: NACOL: Promising Pravtices in Online Learning.
Bentri, A., & Rahmi, U. (2015). Students absorption of materials through using blended learning in the implementation of curriculum. International Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities, 5(10).
Bersin, J. (2004). The blended learning book; best practices, proven methodologies and lessons learned. United Stated: John Wiley & Sona, Inc.
Bishop, M. J. (2014). Instructional message design: past, present and future relevance. In Spector, J. Michael., Merril, M. David., Elen, Jan., and Bishop, M. J. 2014. Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (Edt4). New York: Springer Science+Business Media
Bishop, M. J. (2014). Reconceptualizing instructional message design: toward the development of a new guiding framework. In Spector, J Michael; Bishop, M. J. and Ifenthaler, Dirk. Educational Communications and Technology: Issues and Innovations. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Brady, L & Kennedy. (2007). Curriculum constructions. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson, Prentice Hall
Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional design: the ADDIE approach. New York: Springer Scienceþ Business Media, LLC
Cavanagh, T. (2011). The blended learning toolkit: improving student performance and retention. http://er.educause.edu/articles/2011/12/ the-blended-learning-toolkit-improving-student-performance-and-retention. Accessed Juni, 1st 2016
Cristensen, C. M., Horn Michael B., & Johnson Curtis W. (2011). Disrupting class how disruptive innovation will change the way the world learns. McGraw-Hill eBooks
Fleming, M., & Levie, W. H. (1978). Instructional message design; principles from the behavioral and cognitive sciences. New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.
Fleming, M., & Levie, W. H. (1993). Instructional message design; principles from the behavioral and cognitive sciences (Ed2). New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.
Graham, C.R. (2005). The Handbook of blended learning. Bloomington: Indiana University
Kurniawati, R. (2014). Pengembangan model pembelajaran blended learning pada mata pelajaran keterampilan komputer dan pengelolaan informasi (KKPI) kelas XI di SMK Negeri 2 Purwodadi. Unpublished thesis. Semarang: Curriculum and Educational Technology UNNES.
Martinez-Caro, E., & Campuzano-Bolarin, F. (2011). Factors affecting students’ satisfaction in engineering disciplines: traditional vs. blended approaches. European Journal of Enggeenering Education, 36(5), 473-483
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. (2009). Models of teaching (8th). United Stated of America: Person Education, Inc.
Nieveen, N. (1999). Prototyping to reach product quality. In Akker, Jan van den; Branch, Robert Maribe; Gustafson, Kent; Nieveen, Nienke dan Plomp, Tjeerd. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher
Morrison, G.R., Ross, S.M., & Kemp, J.E. (2004). Designing effevtive instruction. 4th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Orntein, A.C. & Hunkins, F.P. 2013. Curriculum: principles, foundations and issues. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall
Owston, R., York, D., & Murtha, S. (2013). Student perceptions and achievement in a university blended learning strategy initiative. The Internet and Higher Education (online), Volume 18, July 2013, (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1096751612000863, accessed Maret, 30th 2016
Patchana, M.M., Schunnb, C.D.; Siege, W.S., & McLaughlinc, D. (2015). The Effect of blended instruction on accelerated learning http:// www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1475939X.2015.1013977. Accessed Mei, 20th 2016.
Rahmi, U. (2013). Pengembangan model blended learning pada mata kuliah desain pembelajaran berbasis komputer di program studi teknologi pendidikan UNP. [Thesis]. Program of Pascasarjana Padang State University
Slavin, R.E. (1994). Educational psychology; theory and practice (Ed4). Massathusetts: Allyn and Bacon
Slavin, R.E. (2006). Educational psychology; theory and practice (ed8). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc
Smaldino, S. E., Lowther, D. L., & Russel, J.D. (2012). Instructional technology and media for learning tenth edition. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
Tuncer, M., & Bahadır, F. (2014). Effect of screen reading and reading from printed out material on student success and permanency in introduction to computer lesson. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 13(3), 41-49
Wang, M., & Shen, R. (2012). Message design for mobile learning: learning theories, human cognition and design principles. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(4), 561–575
Watson. J. (2008). Blended learning: the convergence of online and face-to-face education. Viena: NACOL: Promising Pravtices in Online Learning.